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100 Years of Gear Measurement Technology——Review & Prospect

Shi Zhaoyao,Fei Yetai,Xie Huakun

Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 9,   Pages 13-17

Abstract:

The evolution of gear measurement technology in the past 100 years is fully reviewed, and 6 key issuesrelated to gear metrology are listed.Emphases are laid on the development of gear measurement principles, the evolution of technical measuresMeanwhile, the principle, configuration and features of present-day CNC Gear Measuring Center are introducedA few of new phenomena in the field of gear measurement technology are remarked, and some research topics

Keywords： gear     gear measurement     gear deviation     gear measuring instrument    

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Development and Creations of Measuring Instrument Transformers and Their Testing Equipment

Zhao Xiumin,Zhao Yitao

Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 3,   Pages 73-76

Abstract:

The development and creation of measuring instrument transformers and their testing equipment in improvingThey include the development in error compensation for instrument transformers, high accuracy instrumenttransformers with a current booster or voltage booster, current comparators and two-stage instrumentFuture work in this field, will involve the development of instrument transformers with small secondarycurrent and voltage, application of computers and microprocessors in instrument transformers and their

Keywords： instrument transformer     ratio standard     calibrator     error compensation    

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High-precision gyro-stabilized control of a gear-driven platform with a floating gear tension device

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2021, Volume 16, Issue 3,   Pages 487-503 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0635-5

Abstract: improved compound control algorithm that substantially enhances the anti-disturbance performance of a gear-drivegyro-stabilized platform with a floating gear tension device.However, the weaker gear support stiffness and more complex meshing friction are also induced by theFirst, the structural properties of the gear transmission and the friction-generating mechanism are analyzedpointing system with a floating gear tension device, which shows a maximum 76% improvement in stabilization

Keywords： inertially stabilized platform     floating gear tension device     nonlinear friction     disturbance compensation    

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Gear fault diagnosis using gear meshing stiffness identified by gearbox housing vibration signals

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2022, Volume 17, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0713-3

Abstract: Therefore, using gearbox housing vibration signal to identify gear meshing excitation signal is of greatThis paper establishes an analytical mathematical description of the whole transfer process from gearThe gear meshing stiffness (GMS) identification approach is proposed by using housing vibration signalsNumerical simulation and experimental results demonstrate the proposed method can realize gear faultspectra, and the results also validate the rationality of using meshing stiffness to describe the actual gear

Keywords： gearbox fault diagnosis     meshing stiffness     identification     transfer path     signal processing    

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Russian school of the theory and geometry of gearing: Its origin and golden period (1935 --1975)

Dmitry BABICHEV,Sergey LAGUTIN,Natalya BARMINA

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2016, Volume 11, Issue 1,   Pages 44-59 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0360-z

Abstract: leaders in the theory and geometry of gearing or the theoretical fundamentals of designing gears and gear-cuttingThis review involves some works on gear strength and accuracy to attract more experts.

Keywords： theory of gearing (TG)     gear geometry     generating surface     gear synthesis     gear analysis    

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Fault feature extraction of planet gear in wind turbine gearbox based on spectral kurtosis and time wavelet

Yun KONG, Tianyang WANG, Zheng LI, Fulei CHU

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2017, Volume 12, Issue 3,   Pages 406-419 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0419-0

Abstract: vibration transfer path, and heavy background noise masking effect, the vibration signal of planet gearimpulsive components induced by a localized defect are hard to extract, and the fault detection of planet gearAiming to extract the fault feature of planet gear effectively, we propose a novel feature extractionthat the proposed method is effective at the feature extraction and fault diagnosis for the planet gear

Keywords： wind turbine     planet gear fault     feature extraction     spectral kurtosis     time wavelet energy spectrum    

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Comparison of analytical procedures for measuring phosphorus content of animal manures in China

Guohua LI, Qian LIU, Haigang LI, Fusuo ZHANG

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2019, Volume 6, Issue 4,   Pages 431-440 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019279

Abstract:

The concentration and components of manure phosphorus (P) are key factors determining potential P bioavailability and runoff. The distribution of P forms in swine, poultry and cattle manures collected from intensive and extensive production systems in several areas of China was investigated with sequential fractionation and a simplified two-step (NaHCO -NaOH/EDTA) procedures. The mean total P concentration, determined by the sequential fractionation procedure of intensive swine, poultry and cattle manure, expressed as g·kg , was 14.9, 13.4 and 5.8 g·kg , respectively, and 4.4 g·kg in extensive cattle manure. In intensive swine, poultry and cattle manure about 73%, 74% and 79% of total P, respectively, was bioavailable (i.e., P extracted by H O and NaHCO ) and 78% in extensive cattle manure. The results indicated the relative environmental risk, from high to low, of swine, poultry and cattle manure. There is considerable regional variation in animal manure P across China, which needs to be considered when developing manure management strategies.

Keywords： diet phosphorus     manure phosphorus     sequential P fractionation    

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Experimental investigation of fatigue behavior of spur gear in altered tooth-sum gearing

H. K. SACHIDANANDA, Joseph GONSALVIS, H. R. PRAKASH

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2012, Volume 7, Issue 3,   Pages 268-278 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0331-6

Abstract:

This paper deals with the contact stress, power loss, and pitting of spur gear tooth in altered tooth-sum

Keywords： spur gear     power recirculating test rig     altered tooth-sum gearing     scanning electron microscopy (SEM)    

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Mesh relationship modeling and dynamic characteristic analysis of external spur gears with gear wear

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2022, Volume 17, Issue 1,   Pages 9-9 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0665-z

Abstract: Gear wear is one of the most common gear failures, which changes the mesh relationship of normal gearthe model of mesh relationship and reveal the vibration characteristics of external spur gears with gearthe influence of gear wear on mesh stiffness and unloaded static transmission error (USTE).Based on the mesh stiffness and USTE considering gear wear, a gear dynamic model is established, andthe vibration characteristics of gear wear are numerically studied.

Keywords： gear wear     mesh relationship     mesh stiffness     transmission error     vibration characteristics    

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Mathematical model and manufacture programming of loxodromic-type normal circular-arc spiral bevel gear

Zhenyun DUAN, Houjun CHEN, Zhilan JU, Jian LIU

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2012, Volume 7, Issue 3,   Pages 312-321 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0308-5

Abstract:

In this paper, loxodromic-type normal circular-arc spiral bevel gear is proposed as a novel applicationof the circular-arc tooth profile at the gear transmission with intersecting axes.investigated, and the obtained results primarily reflect the superior performance of the proposed novel gear

Keywords： loxodrome     circular-arc tooth profile     Wildhaber-Novikov (W-N) gear     spiral bevel gear    

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A feasibility study of the measuring accuracy and capability of wireless sensor networks in tunnel monitoring

Xiaojun LI, Zhong JI, Hehua ZHU, Chen GU

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 2,   Pages 111-120 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0150-1

Abstract: Fire disasters and the deterioration of tunnel structures are major concerns for tunnel operation and maintenance. Traditional wired monitoring systems have many drawbacks in terms of installation time, overall cost, and flexibility in tunnel environments. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for the monitoring of various structural monitoring applications. This paper evaluated the feasibility of applying a WSN in the monitoring of tunnels. The monitoring requirements of tunnels under explosion and combustion fire scenarios are analyzed using numerical simulation, and the maximum possible distance for temperature sensors is derived. The displacement monitoring of tunnels using an inclinometer is investigated. It is recommended that the inclinometer should be installed in the 1/4 span of the tunnel structure. The maximum wireless transmission distances in both outdoor and tunnel environments were examined. The influences of surface materials and sensor node locations on the data transmission distance in tunnel environments were also investigated. The experimental results show that the data loss in tunnel environments is approximately three times that in outdoor environments. Surface material has a considerable influence on the transmission distance of radio signals. The distance is 25 ? 28 m for a raw concrete surface, 20 m for a brick surface, and 36 m for a terrazzo surface. The transmission distances along the middle of quarter points are approximately 0.9 ( is the transmission distance in the center of the tunnel), and the relative error is less than±3%. The transmission distances at different locations along the bottom exhibit significant differences, decreasing from the middle to the corner point, with distances of approximately 0.8 at the quarter points and minimum distances of approximately 0.55 at the corner points.

Keywords： wireless sensor network (WSN)     tunnel     monitoring     feasibility study    

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Soft curvature sensors for measuring the rotational angles of mechanical fingers

Haixiao LIU, Li LI, Zhikang OUYANG, Wei SUN

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2020, Volume 15, Issue 4,   Pages 610-621 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0596-0

Abstract: The design, fabrication, and testing of soft sensors that measure elastomer curvature and mechanical finger bending are described in this study. The base of the soft sensors is polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which is a translucent elastomer. The main body of the soft sensors consists of three layers of silicone rubber plate, and the sensing element is a microchannel filled with gallium-indium-tin (Ga-In-Sn) alloy, which is embedded in the elastomer. First, the working principle of soft sensors is investigated, and their structure is designed. Second, the relationship between curvature and resistance is determined. Third, several sensors with different specifications are built in accordance with the structural design. Experiments show that the sensors exhibit high accuracy when the curvature changes within a certain range. Lastly, the soft sensors are applied to the measurement of mechanical finger bending. Experiments show that soft curvature sensors can effectively reflect mechanical finger bending and can be used to measure the bending of mechanical fingers with high sensitivity within a certain working range.

Keywords： soft sensor     Ga-In-Sn alloy     strain sensing     curvature sensing     mechanical finger bending    

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Design optimization of a wind turbine gear transmission based on fatigue reliability sensitivity

Genshen LIU, Huaiju LIU, Caichao ZHU, Tianyu MAO, Gang HU

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2021, Volume 16, Issue 1,   Pages 61-79 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0611-5

Abstract: Fatigue failure of gear transmission is one of the key factors that restrict the performance and serviceOne of the major concerns in gear transmission under random loading conditions is the disregard of dynamicIn this work, a novel gear transmission optimization model based on dynamic fatigue reliability sensitivityis developed to predict the optimal structural parameters of a wind turbine gear transmission.In the model, the dynamic fatigue reliability of the gear transmission is evaluated based on stress–strength

Keywords： gear transmission     fatigue reliability     reliabi-lity sensitivity     parameter optimization    

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Instrument Industry Needs to Develop Ahead of Time

Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 10,   Pages 94-94

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Contact fatigue life prediction of a bevel gear under spectrum loading

Pan JIA, Huaiju LIU, Caichao ZHU, Wei WU, Guocheng LU

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2020, Volume 15, Issue 1,   Pages 123-132 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0556-8

Abstract: An accurate geometry model of a hypoid gear utilized in the main reducer of a heavy-duty vehicle is developedin this study with the commercial gear design software MASTA.

Keywords： bevel gear     rolling contact fatigue (RCF)     multiaxial fatigue criterion     load spectrum     damage accumulation    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

100 Years of Gear Measurement Technology——Review & Prospect

Shi Zhaoyao,Fei Yetai,Xie Huakun

Journal Article

Development and Creations of Measuring Instrument Transformers and Their Testing Equipment

Zhao Xiumin,Zhao Yitao

Journal Article

High-precision gyro-stabilized control of a gear-driven platform with a floating gear tension device

Journal Article

Gear fault diagnosis using gear meshing stiffness identified by gearbox housing vibration signals

Journal Article

Russian school of the theory and geometry of gearing: Its origin and golden period (1935 --1975)

Dmitry BABICHEV,Sergey LAGUTIN,Natalya BARMINA

Journal Article

Fault feature extraction of planet gear in wind turbine gearbox based on spectral kurtosis and time wavelet

Yun KONG, Tianyang WANG, Zheng LI, Fulei CHU

Journal Article

Comparison of analytical procedures for measuring phosphorus content of animal manures in China

Guohua LI, Qian LIU, Haigang LI, Fusuo ZHANG

Journal Article

Experimental investigation of fatigue behavior of spur gear in altered tooth-sum gearing

H. K. SACHIDANANDA, Joseph GONSALVIS, H. R. PRAKASH

Journal Article

Mesh relationship modeling and dynamic characteristic analysis of external spur gears with gear wear

Journal Article

Mathematical model and manufacture programming of loxodromic-type normal circular-arc spiral bevel gear

Zhenyun DUAN, Houjun CHEN, Zhilan JU, Jian LIU

Journal Article

A feasibility study of the measuring accuracy and capability of wireless sensor networks in tunnel monitoring

Xiaojun LI, Zhong JI, Hehua ZHU, Chen GU

Journal Article

Soft curvature sensors for measuring the rotational angles of mechanical fingers

Haixiao LIU, Li LI, Zhikang OUYANG, Wei SUN

Journal Article

Design optimization of a wind turbine gear transmission based on fatigue reliability sensitivity

Genshen LIU, Huaiju LIU, Caichao ZHU, Tianyu MAO, Gang HU

Journal Article

Instrument Industry Needs to Develop Ahead of Time

Journal Article

Contact fatigue life prediction of a bevel gear under spectrum loading

Pan JIA, Huaiju LIU, Caichao ZHU, Wei WU, Guocheng LU

Journal Article